Recent results will be reviewed from IceCube, including refined measurements of the cosmic neutrino spectrum and the recent observations of neutrinos from the nearby galaxy M77 and the Milky Way. I will report on the design and construction progress of the IceCube Upgrade, which includes seven strings of dense instrumentation in the center of the IceCube. I will also discuss the design and...
The discovery of TeV-PeV astrophysical neutrinos in 2013 by IceCube precipitated the decade of spectacular progress in which we thrive today. So far, we have found the first extragalactic transient and steady-state sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, plus neutrinos from comparatively nearby, the Galactic Plane. I will review these discoveries, what we have learned about the first...
Multmessenger follow-up observations triggered by high-energy neutrino signals offer a robust method for identifying cosmic ray (CR) sources, particularly when the sources are transient. In this talk, we propose a viable strategy for multimessenger observations to understand the origin of CRs. Optical transients, such as core-collapse supernovae, are among the major candidates for CR and...
The blazar TXS 0506+056 is a candidate of high-energy neutrino sources. We propose that its neutrino emission could originate from the core region rather than the jet. We suggests that high-energy protons, accelerated by magnetic reconnection within a magnetically arrested disk (MAD) near the central black hole, interact with photons from the accretion disk and corona to produce neutrinos.
Over the last two decades, several breakthroughs have been made in multi-messenger astronomy, such as the successful observations of astrophysical neutrinos and very-high-energy gamma rays. However, the origin of cosmic rays is still mystery. No neutrino source has been significantly identified due to the lack of statistics and uncovered field of view. The next generation of high-energy...
The High-energy Underwater Neutrino Telescope (HUNT) is proposed to detect the neutrinos from LHAASO sources with significant gamma-ray emission above 100 TeV and identify the PeV cosmic-ray accelerators in our Galaxy. HUNT project has made substantial advancements in the simulations and pathfinder experiments over the past year. This report will briefly introduce the simulation framework...
Atmospheric neutrinos are significant signals for studying neutrino oscillation physics and also serve as important backgrounds in the searches for diffuse supernova neutrino background, proton decay, dark matter and other rare processes. To address the unknown questions in neutrino oscillation physics and to discover rare events, accurate predictions of atmospheric neutrino flux in the GeV...
The memory burden effect, which stabilizes systems by storing information, plays a key role in black holes, where evaporation halts after roughly half the initial mass is lost. This suggests that light primordial black holes (PBHs) with mass below 10^15 g, expected to have fully evaporated, may still be viable dark matter (DM) candidates. We show that their mergers could form "young" black...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a multipurpose observatory under construction in China. The JUNO detector consists of a 20 kton liquid scintillator target monitored by about 18k 20-inch Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) and about 26k 3-inch PMTs. This detector is strategically located 53 km from the Taishan and Yangjiang Nuclear Power Plants in order to primarily determine...
In this talk we will present the main technological solutions for construction of the KM3NeT ARCA and ORCA deep-sea neutrino telescopes.
Based on deep-sea technologies such as manned and unmanned submersibles, we conduct various types of underwater operations, including deep-sea scientific exploration, deep-sea search and recovery, and deep-sea archaeology. Different seabed operations have distinct requirements for the ship-submersible platform and payload tools, as well as varying demands for seabed site selection, positioning...
Development of the Trident Phase One Project: An Ocean Engineering Perspective
Neutrino oscillation experiments have provided us with our only direct proof of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) in the form of lepton flavour violation in neutrino propagation due to neutrino masses and flavour mixing in the leptonic sector. In this talk I will first review the present status of neutrino masses and mixing in the minimal framework with three massive neutrinos. I will...
In this talk, we present a theoretical overview on our current understanding of neutrino masses and lepton flavor mixing. The typical ideas of Neutrino mass generation are summarized, and the basic properties of massive neutrinos are discussed in connection with future experimental observations.
Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan. A (anti-)muon neutrino beam with energy peak ~0.6GeV is produced at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) in Tokai, propagates through 295km and is observed in the far detector Super-Kamiokande (SK). T2K can perform precise measurements in the muon neutrino disappearance channel, i.e. 𝜃!" and |Δ𝑚"!...
Solar neutrinos interacting with nuclei in dark matter detectors through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), often referred to as the 'neutrino fog,' presents a significant challenge to direct DM detection efforts. The XENONnT detector, known for its large exposure and low background, offers an exceptional opportunity to investigate this interaction. Utilizing data from...
The cosmic neutrinos detected by the IceCube Collaboration present a compelling opportunity to explore potential new physics beyond the Standard Model and conventional relativity. In this presentation, I will discuss how the association of IceCube neutrinos with gamma-ray bursts can serve as a valuable framework for investigating Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) in neutrinos. Furthermore, I...
The Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) was predicted in 1974. Still, it wasn't experimentally confirmed until 2017 due to its shallow energy deposit, making detection challenging due to energy threshold and background levels. Liquid Xenon Time Projection Chambers (LXeTPCs) have shown excellence in dark matter searches and may be an ideal technology for detecting CEvNS. The...
Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) is the primary and enhanced interaction process for low-energy neutrinos with matter. To precisely study neutrino physics via this process, we are constructing an array of scintillation crystal detectors with a total mass of 300 kg of CsI(Na), named CICENNS. This detector will be installed at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) and...
Ultra-High Energy (UHE, >0.1PeV) gamma-ray Astronomy is rapidly developing into an important branch of the gamma-ray astronomy with a lot of surprising discoveries. In this presentation, I will briefly review the main results of LHAASO, HAWC and ASgamma in recent years and discuss their physical implications.
The TeV afterglow of the BOAT GRB 221009A was interpreted as arising from a narrow jet, while the radio-to-X-ray afterglows were interpreted as arising from a wide structured jet. However, there is no model explaining the TeV and lower-energy multiwavelength afterglows simultaneously. We here investigate a two-component jet model, including a narrow uniform core with a wide structured wing, to...
While neutrino flavor transformation in low-density environments is the target of many experimental and observational campaigns, the rich phenomenology of neutrino flavor transformation in neutrino-dense environments like core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers is presently the object of intense theoretical efforts. These phenomena have the potential to alter the course of explosion,...
We would like to propose a new astrophysical method to constrain still unknown neutrino mass hierarchy in terms of the flavor conversions at high-density in supernovae [1]. There is a growing consensus in recent multi-messenger astronomy that the explosions of single massive stars, i.e. magneto-hydrodynamic jet supernova and collapsar, dominate the heavy-element enrichment over the entire...
MeV gamma rays are indispensable probes for high-energy astrophysics research, providing unique information to help address frontiers, such as the origin of cosmic rays, dark matter, the radiation mechanisms of compact objects, and etc. In particular, MeV range is the domain of nuclear gamma-ray lines that can provide a direct probe of the nuclear processes (such as supernovae,...
As we move towards the multi-telescope era of neutrino astronomy, it is i critical to develop collaborative approaches that ensure maximal scientific output. One facet of fulfilling this need is common tools for simulation and data analysis across detectors. In this talk, I will present Prometheus, an open-source framework for simulating neutrino interactions in neutrino telescopes. I will...
The TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) aims to deploy optical detection modules within ~8 km3 of seawater, approximately 3.5 km deep in the South China Sea. Following the discovery of diffuse astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, next-generation telescopes with increased size and improved performance expect to be on the verge of multiple discoveries....
The JUNO experiment is a neutrino experiment based on a 20-kiloton liquid scintillator detector, which is expected to observe various types of neutrinos, including reactor, atmosphere, solar, geo, and supernova neutrinos. The detector consists of a 35.4-meter-diameter acrylic vessel filled with liquid scintillator, supported by a stainless steel structure, and equipped with over 40,000...
In this talk I will review how current cosmological probes can help us to constrain the properties of neutrinos, in particular their absolute mass scale. I will discuss the results from the Planck observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background, present recent updates that take into account Baryon Acoustic Oscillation bounds from DESI and show how degeneracies with other cosmological...
We propose here a set of new methods to directly detect light mass dark matter through its scattering with abundant atmospheric muons or accelerator beams. Firstly, we plan to use the free cosmic-ray muons interacting with dark matter in a volume surrounded by tracking detectors, to trace possible interaction between dark matter and muons. Secondly, we will interface our device with domestic...
CORSIKA has been the most-used Monte Carlo code for simulating extensive air showers for more than 20 years. Due to its monolithic, Fortran-based software design and hand-optimized code, however, it has become difficult to maintain and extend for more complex simulation needs. These limitations led to the CORSIKA 8 project, which constitutes a complete rewrite of the CORSIKA core functionality...
Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) is the most energetic explosive event in the universe. Some GRBs are likley associated with gravitational wave (GW) or high energy neutrino (HEN) event, thus they are the promising target in the multi-messenger era. Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) is an x-ray and gamma-ray telescope constellation composed of four...
Neutrino oscillation experiments have provided us with our only
direct proof of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) in the form of
lepton flavour violation in neutrino propagation due to neutrino
masses and flavour mixing in the leptonic sector. In this talk I will
first review the present status of neutrino masses and mixing
in the minimal framework with three massive neutrinos.
I...
