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Using quantum Monte Carlo, exact diagonalization, and perturbation theory, we study the spectrum of the S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg trimer chains by varying the ratio g = J2/J1 of the intertrimer and intratrimer coupling strengths. The doublet ground states of trimers form effective interacting S = 1/2 degrees of freedom described by a Heisenberg chain. Therefore, the conventional two-spinon continuum of width ∝ J1 when g = 1 evolves into to a similar continuum of width ∝ J2 when g→0. The intermediate-energy and high-energy modes are termed doublons and quartons which fractionalize with increasing g to form the conventional spinon continuum. In particular, at g ≈ 0.716, the gap between the low-energy spinon branch and the high-energy band with mixed doublons, quartons, and spinons closes. Some features have been studied in spin-1/2 trimer-chain antiferromagnet Na2Cu3Ge4O12 recently by using inelastic neutron scattering experiments. Our results may open a window for exploring the high-energy fractional excitations.
References：
1. Jun-Qing Cheng, Jun Li, Zijian Xiong, Han-Qing Wu, A. W. Sandvik, Dao-Xin Yao, npj Quantum Mater. 7, 3 (2022), arXiv: 2011.02448.
2. Yining Xu, Dao-Xin Yao, PRB 99, 085112 (2019).
3. Xiaoxue Ran, Nvsen Ma, Dao-Xin Yao, PRB 99, 174434 (2019).
4. A. K. Bera, S. M. Yusuf, S. K. Saha, M. Kunar, D. Voneshen, Y. Skourski, S. A. Zvyagin. ArXiv: 2210.11765, Nature Communications 2022.
Dao-Xin Yao is a Professor and head of theoretical physics in School of Physics at Sun Yat-sen University. From 2016 to 2020, he served as Deputy Dean. He received his B.S. and M.S. from Zhejiang University. He obtained his Ph.D. in condensed matter physics at Boston University in 2007. Then he worked at Purdue University, University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Lab. In 2009, he joined Sun Yat-sen University as a full professor in Guangzhou. He is mainly working on condensed matter theory and computational physics, including correlated electron systems, quantum magnetism, quantum phase transitions, topological materials, and quantum information. He is the author of over 130 scientific papers in internationally recognized journals.
Tencent meeting link: https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/An8Z1jWaLhJu Meeting ID: 970 172 152