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Abstract :
Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) remain among the most sensitive detectors for ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light, enabling single-photon detection through an efficient electron multiplication process. They are widely used in high-energy particle detection, nuclear physics experiments, and high-energy astronomy. This overview begins by examining the fundamental operating principles of PMTs—specifically photoelectron emission, electron-optical focusing, and secondary emission gain—and highlights their key performance metrics. PMTs are characterized by dozens of performance parameters, which often involve trade-offs; therefore, application-specific design is essential to meet varying experimental requirements. The overview then addresses how each parameter can be tailored and optimized for practical needs. It also traces the technological evolution from traditional glass-envelope PMTs to advanced configurations, including position-sensitive, mesh-dynode, and microchannel plate (MCP) PMTs, as well as hybrid devices that integrate semiconductor-assisted readout. Despite competition from solid-state detectors, PMTs offer distinct advantages, including low-noise amplification, large effective area, and radiation tolerance.
Biography:
Ping Chen is a professor at the Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), where she earned her Ph.D. in early 2017 after beginning her studies there in 2011. Her doctoral research focused on the study of large-area photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), marking the start of her work in this field. She conducted joint doctoral research at Université Paris-Sud (Paris XI) from 2015 to 2016, and subsequently served as an assistant researcher (2017–2019) and associate researcher (2020–2023) at XIOPM. During this period, she also completed an in-service postdoctoral fellowship at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2017–2022). She has been a full researcher since 2024, and in 2026 she was appointed Deputy Director of the State Key Laboratory's Center for Ultrafast Detection and Imaging. Her contributions include the simulation design of 20-inch PMTs for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Experiment (JUNO), the development and mass production of gated microchannel plate (MCP) PMTs for the Double Cone Ignition (DCI) experiment, and the development of long-lifetime position-sensitive MCP-PMTs for the Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF). She is also a member of the CERN DRD4 Collaboration Committee for photon detection and particle identification.
Alternative online link: https://meeting.tencent.com/dm/eay2juH1RUbY
ID: 436348492