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Present and forthcoming ultrashort high power lasers can compress limited energies (up to kilo Joule) within femtoseconds, producing 1-100 PW (1015W) peak power. These light pulses offer extreme conditions in micro-sized volume, with field strength or energy density far exceeding other approaches. Substances illuminated by ultra-intense lasers will turn into hot plasmas, with charged particles accelerated to ultra-relativistic velocities instantaneously, setting the base for laser-driven accelerators developed in the past decades. More excitingly, quantum effects arise for high energy particles in extreme laser fields. In this regime, light matter interactions are dominated by nonlinear quantum electrodynamics (QED), where QED Gamma photon emission becomes the main channel and electron-positron pair production is triggered. Moreover, QED theory predicts that extreme field laser pulse can stir quantum vacuum full of virtual particle fluctuations and turn the latter into a polarized medium. In this presentation, I would like to discuss how such processes are described by theory and simulations, what new effects may emerge, and what experimental efforts are being made to verify them. Campaigns using the SULF-10 PW laser and the experimental plans with the world’s first 100PW laser station on Shanghai hard X-ray Free electron laser facility will be introduced. These activities will help to answer an ultimate question of what being the most powerful lasers humans could ever achieve, to develop super bright Gamma-ray sources and to generate exotic electron-positron pair plasmas.
Prof. Liangliang Ji is a full professor at Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics. He has been working on laser-plasma physics at extreme light intensifies, including laser-driven particle acceleration and strong-field quantum-electrodynamics (QED) physics. He has published more 50 papers in peer-reviewed journals, including 6 in the leading journal Physical Review Letters as first author or correspondence author. He is now serving as the deputy head of the state key laboratory of strong-field laser physics and an editorial board member of the journal high power laser science and engineering. He also received the National oversea young talent grant, the Alexander-von-Humboldt Fellowship, the young researcher award of the association of Asia Pacific physical society-division of plasma physics and the First prize of Shanghai Natural Science Award.
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