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During the final stages of its formation, a gas giant will typically develop a circumplanetary disk (CPD) around the planet, which can accrete some of the surrounding material. Meanwhile, satellites can grow and evolve within the CPD. Currently, there are few observational constraints on the temperature, density, and state of CPDs, and the only confirmed CPD is in the PDS70 system. Our 2D radiation hydrodynamic simulations suggest that the CPD of a gas giant may have temperatures as high as 1400K, which can sublimate high-temperature-resistant dust such as silicates. In addition, the spin of the gas giant can affect the transfer of mass and angular momentum in CPD-gas giant interactions. In this report, I will show the process of gas giant accretion through CPDs and discuss the formation and evolution of gas giants and their satellites under more realistic conditions.
Zhuo Chen is an associate research professor in IASTU at Tsinghua University. He graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Engineering Mechanics from Tongji University and later earned a Ph.D. in Physics and Astronomy from the University of Rochester in the United States. He completed postdoctoral research at the University of Alberta in Canada and Tsinghua University. Chen's research interests include radiation hydrodynamics, planet formation, stellar evolution, and high-performance computing.